Because get_options() is a WordPress core function, I’m afraid there’s nothing we can do with it.
James, it’s fairly straightforward. You’d just have to intercept the term_id within get_field and pass that through a get_option filter.
add_filter ('get_option', 'acf_bc_term_meta'); with a function looking for _category_id_name.
Pippin has some code which will do almost exactly what’s required, swapping post_meta for options: https://github.com/easydigitaldownloads/EDD-Commissions/blob/master/includes/commission-functions.php#L828
