Hey @Tintin,
You’ll want to create a variable for your string then use a concatenated string -> http://php.net/manual/en/language.operators.string.php.
$idcode = get_field('id_code');
echo do_shortcode('[shortcode id="'.$idcode.'"]');
You could also skip the variable all together and just use the get_field function inline.
echo do_shortcode('[shortcode id="'.get_field('id_code').'"]');
Hope that helps. 🙂
EDIT: Added inline function option.