There isn’t a shortcode that is built into ACF that will work with repeater sub fields. The ACF shortcode is only meant for simple field types.
https://www.advancedcustomfields.com/resources/shortcode/
Generally for more complex fields you must built your own shortcode http://codex.wordpress.org/Shortcode_API
There might be a way to use the ACF shortcode, please note that I have never tried this and it may not work and it is a hack. It also requires knowing the index (row) of the field you want to show.
The meta key for a repeater sub field is constructed "{$repeater_name}_{$index}_{$sub_field_name}"
So if you wanted to show the field on the first rows you might be able to use
[acf field="repeater_name_0_sub_field_name"]
