You could create a repeater and have 3 fields for each row; language, text, image.
Or you could create a hierarchical post type where the parent post was the default language with its image and text and each child post would be an alternate language with its text an image.
The first will get the job done. The second will likely give you more flexibility, for example if you wanted to list all of the signs in a specific language this can be done easily with a term archive page. This would be extremely difficult to do with the repeater version.
A variation of the second would be that each sign of each language is a separate post and they are linking together using a bidirectional relationship field, but I don’t think this would give you as much flexibility as the second option.
