I finally got around to reading a bit about Local JSON, and trying this out on a dev site and… sadly it does not work. I simply changed one field from “repeater” to “group” and the data disappeared, frontend and backend.
What’s weird is that if I look at the filed group ID, field ID for the repeater-turned-group and some subfields, the keys are unaltered. This implies that this switcheroo SHOULD work. I wonder if some validation is failing somewhere that makes ACF refuse to save data?
Time for more digging…